STRUCTURE OF BRANCHES OF INDUSTRY

Industrial complex

The history of Udmurtia as "an arms smithy" dates back to the early 16th century when the first factory shops were built on the banks of the Izh and Vyatka rivers. Udmurt industry has developed into a unique production complex supplying a vast range of arms:

from small arms and combat guns to missiles and space equipment. Along with military production civilian products are produced making Udmurtia one of the leading manufacturers in Russia for some commodity goods: sporting and hunting guns - 82%, motorbikes - 52,8%, washing machines - 4,7%, medical equipment - 8,2%, automobiles - 2,9% of the Russian market.

There are more than 200 industrial enterprises in the republic. Most of them are well-equipped and incorporate high-skilled labour. High production efficiency was required while fulfilling military orders which, as elsewhere in the world, have the highest quality requirements.

The largest enterprises of the republic are mostly concentrated in its capital, the city of Izhevsk, where automobiles and motorbikes, sporting and hunting guns, metal-cutting machines, structural, alloy and stainless steel rolled stock, rocket and space equipment, medical equipment, machines for cellulose and paper industry, various reduction gearboxes, geological survey equipment, drilling and other equipment for the oil industry, various bearings, consumer goods (garments, cassette recorders, motorized units, personal computers, microwave ovens etc.) are being produced.

The largest enterprises of the Udmurt Republic

Construction

There are 21 enterprises producing pre-fabricated ferro-concrete structures with a total output of 867,7 thousand cubic meters. Total output of enterprises producing piece wall materials is 478.8 million bricks. 187 thousand cubic meters of gravel and 200 thousand square meters of facade ceramic tiles are produced in the republic.

Besides, gravel, sand, construction metal structures, sanitary and technical items, half-finished assembly parts, lime, timber, wooden cabins and other construction materials are produced in Udmurtia. The construction complex of the Udmurt Republic includes a number of building contractors, enterprises producing building materials, organizations involved in development and research activity and others.

The largest building-and-erecting companies are Building Directorates 17 and 18, the Joint Stock Company "Tchepetskoe upravlenie stroitelstva" (the Ministry of Atomic Industry of the Russian Federation). These companies are completely equipped with constructing machines and technological equipment, transportation facilities, and also have enterprises producing pre-fabricated concrete units for housing construction, different items of wood-working and mastics. Annual output of the house-building plant, a part of Building Directorate 18, is 290 thousand square meters. Annual potential of construction complex of the republic is 1 million square meters.

3 major enterprises of the republic "Udmurtneftegazstroi", "Udmurtgazstroi", "Udmurttruboprovodstroi" build projects of gas industry. A number of private construction firms have been formed lately to implement low pressure gas pipeline and supply houses with gas. All these firms together are able to construct and put into operation up to 400 km of gas pipe-lines.

The state enterprise "Udmurtavtodor" is the main road construction company, which constructs, reconstructs and maintains roads. The joint stock company "Agropromdorstroi" was formed for constructing roads in rural areas. These companies are able to construct and up to 500 km of paved roads.

Agricultural complex

The climate and nature of the Udmurt Republic allow it to successfully develop multi-branch agriculture, produce foodstuffs and agricultural raw materials for processing. Local topsoil is rather diverse but most of the arable lands are turf and podsol.

The main agrarian crops grown in the republic are grain forage, potatoes and other vegetables, flax-fibre and forage grasses.

The production branch of agriculture is cattle-breeding. Its share in the gross volume of agricultural production amounts to 68%.

By administrative layout, the Udmurt Republic is split up in 25 rural districts where by January 1st, 1996 there were 169 collective farms (kolkhoz), 22 state farms (sovkhoz), 1 enterprise serving several farms (a hot-house complex in Zavyalovo), 239 new cooperative foundations (partnerships, farmers' associations, agricultural cooperatives etc.), 3604 private farms and 30 farming divisions of industrial and other non-agricultural enterprises.

The food industry is represented by bakeries and macaroni plants, 8 meat-packing plants, 10 milk, butter and cheese factories, 15 factories producing liquor, soft drinks, beer, starch and syrup.

Small Business

By January 1st, 1996 more than 3600 small business enterprises were registered in the Udmurt Republic, in which 28.6 thousand people were employed. Out of this number 8.8 thousand work in industry, 5.8 thousand in construction complex, 8.3 thousand in trade and serving the public.

Volume of production accounts for 830.2 billion rubles, including 119.6 billion in industry, 75 billion in construction, 532,8 billion in trade.

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Portions copyright Communication Company MARK-ITT, 1994-96
Design: Communication Company MARK-ITT, 1994-96